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20 Switzerland Swiss Franc
The Swiss franc (German: Franken, French: franc, Italian: franco and Romansh: franc; sign: Fr. (in the German language), fr. (in French, Italian, Romansh languages), or CHF in any other language, or internationally; code: CHF) is the currency and legal tender of Switzerland and Liechtenstein. The Swiss National Bank (SNB) issues banknotes and the federal mint Swissmint issues coins.
The official symbols Fr. (German symbol) and fr. (Latin languages) are widely used by businesses and advertisers, also for the English language. The use of SFr. for Swiss Franc and fr.sv. are outdated.
The Latinate “CH” stands for Confoederatio Helvetica. Given the different languages used in Switzerland, Latin is used for language-neutral inscriptions on its coins.
Before 1798, about 75 entities were making coins in Switzerland, including the 25 cantons and half-cantons, 16 cities, and abbeys, resulting in about 860 different coins in circulation, with different values, denominations and monetary systems.
The origins of a majority of these currencies can be traced to either the French livre tournois (the predecessor of the French franc) or the South German gulden of the 17th century. The new Swiss currencies emerged in the 18th century after Swiss cantons did not follow the pace of depreciation that occurred in France and Germany.
A high-level summary of existing currencies at the end of the 18th century is shown below, including their equivalents in terms of the French écu of 26.67 g fine silver, the South German kronenthaler of 25.71 g fine silver, and Swiss francs of 4.5 g fine silver.
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